行则将至

人生在勤,不索何获

0%

VSCode 使用 MSVC 编译器搭建 OpenGL 开发环境

发表于 分类于 ， ， ， 阅读次数： Valine：
本文字数： 6k 阅读时长 ≈ 5 分钟

原文地址 github.com

因为 windows 环境下使用 g++ 编译器 assimp 库链接失败, 报错 "undefined reference to'Assimp::Importer::Importer()", 后来发现使用 MSVC 编译器没有这个问题, 踩了几个坑终于搭建成功, 在此记录一下基于VSCode + MSVC编译器的 OpenGL 开发环境配置.

另外, mingw/g++ 开发环境在 g++ 分支 visual studio 开发环境在 vs2019 分支.

1. 安装所需软件

2. 配置环境变量

  • Path 中添加 assimp 库
1
D:\Opengl\Assimp\bin\x86  # 这样就不需要把assimp.dll放到build目录了
  • 新建 INCLUDE 环境变量, 添加以下目录
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
D:\Program\VS2019\VS\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.28.29333\include
D:\Program\VS2019\VS\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.28.29333\atlmfc\include
D:\Program\VS2019\VS\Common7\Tools
D:\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.19041.0\ucrt
D:\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.19041.0\um
D:\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.19041.0\shared
D:\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.19041.0\winrt
D:\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.19041.0\cppwinrt
  • 新建 LIB 环境变量, 添加以下目录
1
2
3
4
5
6
D:\Program\VS2019\VS\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.28.29333\lib\x86
D:\Program\VS2019\VS\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.28.29333\atlmfc\lib\x86
D:\Program\VS2019\VS\VC\Auxiliary\VS\lib\x86
D:\Program\VS2019\VS\VC\Auxiliary\VS\UnitTest\lib
D:\Windows Kits\10\lib\10.0.19041.0\ucrt\x86
D:\Windows Kits\10\lib\10.0.19041.0\um\x86

3. 配置 vscode

  • 新建目录 OpenGl 并使用 VSCode 打开, .vscode 目录下 (没有就新建) 创建 settings.json, 配置以下内容
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
{
  "terminal.integrated.shell.windows":   "C:\\Windows\\Sysnative\\cmd.exe",
  "terminal.integrated.shellArgs.windows": [
	"/k",
	"D:/Program Files/VS2019/VS/Common7/Tools/VsDevCmd.bat"
  ],
  "files.encoding": "gb2312",
  "files.associations": {
	"*.json": "jsonc",
	"*.cfg": "ini",
	"*.fsh": "glsl",
	"stack": "cpp",
	"iostream": "cpp",
	"ostream": "cpp",
	"*.tcc": "cpp",
	"cctype": "cpp",
	"clocale": "cpp",
	"cmath": "cpp",
	"cstdint": "cpp",
	"cstdio": "cpp",
	"cstdlib": "cpp",
	"cwchar": "cpp",
	"cwctype": "cpp",
	"exception": "cpp",
	"initializer_list": "cpp",
	"iosfwd": "cpp",
	"istream": "cpp",
	"limits": "cpp",
	"new": "cpp",
	"stdexcept": "cpp",
	"streambuf": "cpp",
	"system_error": "cpp",
	"type_traits": "cpp",
	"typeinfo": "cpp",
	"utility": "cpp",
	"iomanip": "cpp"
  }
}
  • .vscode 下创建 c_cpp_properties.json
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
{
  "configurations": [
	{
	  "name": "Win32",
	  "includePath": [
		"${workspaceFolder}/**",
		"${workspaceFolder}/include/utils",
		"${workspaceFolder}/include/glm/glm",
		"${workspaceFolder}/include/glad/include",
		"${workspaceFolder}/include/glfw/include",
		"${workspaceFolder}/include/assimp/include",
		"${workspaceFolder}/include/glad/include"
	  ],
	  "defines": ["_DEBUG", "gb2312", "_gb2312"],
	  "intelliSenseMode": "msvc-x64",
	  "browse": {
		"path": [
			"${workspaceFolder}/**",
			"${workspaceFolder}/include/utils",
			"${workspaceFolder}/include/glm/glm",
			"${workspaceFolder}/include/glad/include",
			"${workspaceFolder}/include/glfw/include",
			"${workspaceFolder}/include/assimp/include",
			"${workspaceFolder}/include/glad/include"
		],
		"limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
		"databaseFilename": ""
	  }
	}
  ],
  "version": 4
}
  • .vscode 下创建 tasks.json
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
{
  "version": "2.0.0",
  "tasks": [
	{
	  "type": "cppbuild",
	  "label": "compile",
	  "command": "cl",
	  "args": [
		"/Od",
		"/Zi",
		"/EHsc",
		"/MD",
		"/W4",
		"/Fd:",
		"build/",
		"/Fo:",
		"build/",
		"/Fe:",
		"build/",
		"${file}",
		"include/utils/shader_loader.cpp",
		"include/utils/stb_image.cpp",
		"include/assimp/lib/assimp.lib",
		"include/glfw/lib-vc2019/glfw3.lib",
		"include/glad/lib/glad.o",
		"include/msvc/OpenGL32.Lib",
		"include/msvc/User32.Lib",
		"include/msvc/Gdi32.Lib",
		"include/msvc/shell32.lib",
		"/Iinclude/glfw/include",
		"/Iinclude/glad/include",
		"/Iinclude/glm",
		"/Iinclude/utils",
		"/Iinclude/assimp/include",
		"/Link /NODEFAULTLIB:msvcrt.lib"
	  ],
	  "options": {
		"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
	  },
	  "problemMatcher": ["$msCompile"],
	  "group": {
		"kind": "build",
		"isDefault": true
	  },
	  "detail": "cl.exe"
	}
  ]
}

.vscode 下创建 launch.json

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
{
	"version": "0.2.0",
	"configurations": [
		{
			"name": "(Windows) Launch",
			"type": "cppvsdbg",
			"request": "launch",
			"program": "${workspaceFolder}\\build\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
			"args": [],
			"stopAtEntry": false,
			"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
			"environment": [],
			"externalConsole": true,
			"preLaunchTask": "compile"
		}
	]
}

注意事项

  1. 要确保环境变量和项目中的库保持一致 要么都是 x86 要么都是 x64

  2. 确保使用 vsdevcmd 进行编译

  3. 遇到 "undefined reference to xxx", 先检查 tasks.json 链接缺失的库, 再检查环境变量

  4. 编译时需要引用 build 文件夹, 但是 build 文件夹 git 已忽略, 因此需要自己提前新建好